The Theory of Evolution was originally introduced by the early thinkers and it was further emphasized by Darwin when he first produced his book called the “Origin of Species” in 1859. Later on some more people added their theories to the evolution theory of mankind.

It tells that about three and a half billion years ago some microorganisms like bacteria originated and took the shape of amoeba (microscopic unicellular protozoa), and from that all the plants, trees, worms and animals were evolved. Mammals, birds, fish and reptiles were all evolved from aquatic worms about 600 million years ago.

The very first Primates appeared about 70 million years ago who were fruit eating, tree living shrews (like mice). They became monkeys around 40 million years ago, apes around 20 million years ago, gorillas around 8 million years ago, and then chimpanzees around 5 million years ago. Then came an amazing change. The semi-erect walking habit of gorillas and chimpanzees changed, their spinal curvature was straightened, proportion of arms and legs was corrected, foot formation was modified, size of the brain was increased, position of the head was adjusted in order to see straight, and, around 4 million years ago, they were transformed into bipeds who could walk on two feet and were called the first Hominids. Then final refinements happened. Their dental structure was fully modified and the size and the length of their teeth was adjusted. Their brain nerve cells were increased and it went through specialized development to enhance its capabilities, and between 1,500,000 and 300,000 years ago, they adopted a human shape and were called Homo erectus. Between 400,000 and 250,000 years ago Homo erectus evolved into Homo sapiens. By 100,000 years ago they evolved into modern man, and were called Homo sapiens sapiens. They first appeared in Africa and Asia about 100,000 years ago. Then they showed up in Europe around 40,000 to 35,000 years ago, America 30,000 years ago and Australia 25,000 years ago. Their brain size was almost double than that of the gorillas. Homo erectus used hunting tools, made fire and used skin garments. That’s the theory of human evolution.

The theorists use certain terms to express their process of evolution, like: natural selection, adaptation, recombination (of genes), genetic drift and mutation.

According to this theory: (a) Fish or aquatic animals, when exposed to the grounds, developed a need to breathe properly, so they developed a lung-like structure and became frogs (an amphibian). These frogs kept on jumping all the time and disturbing the atmosphere, so the nature pushed them down and they became reptiles like lizards, snakes and crocodiles. Tired of their slow motion they then evolved into running dinosaurs, from a miniature size to a real monstrous size. Feeling great they stamped the grounds of Asia, Europe and America when an unknown natural calamity happened and all the big dinosaurs died around 65 million years ago. They lived between 250 to 65 million years ago.

(b) A few fossils dating 140 to 120 million years ago were found mostly in Germany and one near London. They were believed to be about the size of a medium to large crow and of an estimated body weight of 200 to 500 grams. They were named ‘Archaeopteryx’ and had two legs and a feathered wing-like structure with claws on their wings, and dinosaur-like mouth and teeth. On that basis, the theorists formed the idea that dinosaurs became birds, but which bird was the first, they didn’t know, and how did they shrink to hummingbird size, they also don’t know. Thus, according to their theory, a whole hoard of thousands of kinds of birds were formed whose very remote ancestor was a frog.

(c) Certain walking animals (of the ground) when exposed to sea waters were transformed to dolphins and whales. (d) Some kind of primitive cat (which no longer exists) developed into tigers and lions, but in certain circumstances it remained short and became the modern domestic cat. (e) An unknown 55 million year old skeleton of a big dog- like animal, which they named ‘Hyracotherium,’ was the first ancestor of all the donkeys, horses, zebras and other hoofed animals; and so on.

Now coming to the technical aspects of this theory, you should know that the very basis of the theory is unscientific.

1. The first born one-cell microorganism may only grow bigger but it can never produce sense organs on its own. It is impossible, because it has no such impulse to observe the outside world. Senses are never evolved through the evolution process. The impulse to see or hear or taste or smell or touch is not inherent in the body tissues. They are the natural impulses of a being who already has his senses and already has a developed mind.

2. The adaptation or natural selection process can only effect to change the body color or a slight change in the appearance of the body, like, Japanese, Indians and Europeans, etc. That’s all. It cannot tend to create new species. See the human beings around the world in various environmental situations. You can’t find a group of human beings who would have started a new human species with a strange body and behavior.

3. Technically the mutation process has a very narrow margin of DNA alteration. So it is unable to create brand new species. It could only multiply the number of species of only one category like the various species of tigers and lions. A tiger cannot produce the species of wolves or dogs or bison. This technical discrepancy crumbles the whole theory of evolution.

There are hundreds of questions to which the theory of evolution has no answer. When it says that the inner urge of a being to accommodate to the new situation causes a change in the body formation, then why has the evolution now stopped? The intellectual work load of a human being has increased to at least fifty times more than it was 6,000 years ago. But a human being still has the same size of brain as it had before. It didn’t increase with the increased requirement; moreover there is no sign of the development of any new arm in the human body when physical activity is also tremendously increased as compared to the earlier days. It would have been handy to have four hands so the modern man could work on two computers at the same time, and could work better and faster in the kitchen or in the office.

The science of instinct, desire, and karm.

The animal world is strictly predominated with their individual inherent instincts related to their eating, mating and living habits. There are no premeditated robbers or burglars in the regular animal world, and there are no such animals who mate with the same sex. So, they don’t commit sin or do good deed; they only follow their instincts. For example, they kill but they don’t murder. Whereas every action of a human being is followed by his personal will and desire, so it is classified as: evil, bad, selfish, good and devotional; and it is fructified accordingly.

This is the main difference between an animal and a human. A human being is not the consequence of any kind of evolution procedure. He has his own personal characteristics and destiny that could be as great as becoming a God realized Saint. But an animal, no matter how gross or how intelligent he is (from a donkey to the most intelligent being of the animal world, an elephant or a chimpanzee), he is bound to live and die and remain in the animal world until his soul is born in a human family. The working of the animal world is based only on their instincts, and the working of the world of the human beings is based on their personal desires which creates various classes of karmas of an individual. Thus, both are entirely separate worlds. They cannot be mixed together.

Still today all kinds of monkeys, apes, gorillas and chimpanzees are found in the world, and sometimes some kind of primitive tribes become extinct and some new tribe may emerge in time. So, if you collect the skulls of all kinds of gorillas and chimpanzees and all kinds of skulls of the primitive tribes of today, you can easily categorize them in a certain order of improvement. But it definitely wouldn’t mean an evolutionary development, because they all exist in the same age. It would only show the racial differences of the same period. Thus, the findings of the skulls of various kinds and classes of brain improvements and the improvements in the formation of the skull are not the evidence of human evolution which is wrongly taken by the researchers and the scientists. These are the racial differences of primitive, more primitive or less primitive kinds of tribes who lived on the earth planet in the different parts of the world. They still do exist in the modern age in the remote areas of the civilized world in the same country. There is a famous story in Fiji Islands that, about 150 years ago, when the first missionary went to preach Christianity, he was eaten up by the native cannibals of Fiji; and still there are cannibals in Asia, Africa and many other countries also. They also have their body and brain like modern human beings.

In 1916 Albert Einstein (1879-1955) produced his major work, the theory of general relativity, in which he presented complex equations that showed the characteristics and the relativity of ‘space’ and ‘time’ in various situations. He was a kind-hearted man, did many humanitarian works, believed in the existence of God, played violin for relaxation, was born in Germany and died in Princeton, USA.

He said that time does not always tick the same everywhere in the universe. It ticks much slower where there is strong gravity and it also slows down at extremely high velocity. It means that the time-length of one hour on the earth planet will be less as compared to the time-length of one hour on a larger and massive planet. He said that the space is curved to some extent, which is related to the presence of the density of energy in the universe. His definition of gravity was different than Newton’s. He said that gravity is not a force that is contained in the mass; it is the effect of the distortion that is caused in the space-time continuum by the presence of a mass. It means that the existence of a massive object (of any size) creates a derangement in the smoothness of the space and this distortion gives rise to the gravitational force that appears to be coming from the object. His other important aspect of the general relativity was that the light rays do not always move in a straight line. They bend when passing by a star or any planet.

The quantum theory deals with the behavior of atomic and subatomic particles which have dual particle/wave-like characteristics. Photons, electrons, protons, neutrons, the subparticles like quarks, antiquarks; they all have dual behavior. They are particles or quantas of energy so they act like a smoothly moving particle, but any kind of even minor interference causes them to act in a wavy motion and in an unpredictable direction. There is always some kind of interference in the space everywhere, so there is always an uncertainty in measuring their exact location at a particular moment. Thus, the fundamental uncertainty of the behavior of the particles has become the principle of quantum mechanics.

This uncertainty is sometimes quite large. For example: The uncertainty behavior of an electron in an atom is about the size of the atom it is orbiting. It means that it can never be predicted where it would be at a particular moment because it doesn’t follow any definite orbit. Inside the atom they behave more like waves, but when they are outside of the atom they behave more like a particle but they are subjected to wave-like behavior at any time. The largeness of quantum uncertainty varies in different situations. Apart from the particles, the composite bodies like atoms and molecules also have a wave-like property and are governed by the same laws of particle-wave mechanics.

Quantum theory predicts that a whole lot of virtual particles may pop up any time in empty space. These particles disappear so quickly (due to the uncertainty principle) that they cannot be measured directly. However, their assumed existence is required for theoretical calculations. These particles always appear as particle/antiparticle pairs in order to conserve all types of charges (such as the common +/- electric charge) and may have every possible wavelength. Such a probability with added uncertainty in the quantum theory makes all the known and unknown particles act, react, and interact in any form and manner and create any kind of energy, or gravitational or anti-gravitational effect in the universe. The quantum theory also predicts that energy itself (in its initial form) may have gravitational or anti-gravitational force, but there is no explicit gravitational theory in quantum mechanics.

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4. The hypothesis of the Big Bang and the inflationary theories
as postulated by George Gamow and Alan Guth, etc.
    - The inflationary (or new inflationary) theory
    - Comments: The 'Big Bang' and the 'inflation
of the universe' never happened